Skip to main content
. 2019 Feb 8;11:21. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00021

Table 3.

Development of PDD.

Univariate analysis
Multivariate analysis
PDD N = 18 No-PDD N = 121 HR 95%CI p-value HR 95%CI p-value
Sex, Men (%) 12 (66.7) 75 (62.0) 1.21 0.44–3.37 0.7 2.42 0.76–7.74 0.1
Age, years 68.3 ± 8.4 65.3 ± 9.5 1.07 1.00–1.15 0.04 1.06 0.99–1.14 0.1
Age ≤ 67 years 7 (38.9) 62 (52.1) 1 / /
Age > 67 years 11 (61.1) 59 (48.8) 3.49 1.09–11.2 0.03
Age at onset, years 64.9 ± 8.4 62.4 ± 10.1 1.05 0.99–1.12 0.1
Age at onset ≤ 50 years 1 (5.6) 11 (10.0) 1 / /
Age at onset > 50 years 17 (94.4) 99 (90.0) 1.12 0.15–8.62 0.9
UPDRS-ME 33.1 ± 16.5 25.1 ± 12.7 1.03 1.00–1.05 0.06 1.04 1.00–1.08 0.03
UPDRS ≤ 25 7 (38.9) 71 (58.7) 1 / /
UPDRS > 26 11 (61.1) 50 (41.3) 2.61 0.90–7.55 0.08
HY stage 1.9 ± 0.6 2.1 ± 0.7 0.77 0.40–1.47 0.4
Disease duration, years 3.4 ± 2.8 2.9 ± 2.8 1.07 0.92–1.25 0.3
Education, years 7.4 ± 4.8 9.2 ± 4.5 0.88 0.78–0.99 0.04
Education ≤ 8 years 13 (72.2) 69 (57.0) 1 / / 1 / /
Education > 8 years 5 (27.8) 52 (43.0) 0.28 0.08–1.03 0.06 0.36 0.09–1.52 0.2
LED mg/day 353.8 ± 298.4 432.1 ± 459.8 1.00 1.00–1.001 0.9
Cognition baseline
NC 4 (22.2) 80 (66.1) 1 / / 1 / /
MCI 14 (77.8) 41 (33.9) 4.37 1.42–13.5 0.01 6.24 1.81–21.5 0.004
Depression 9 (50.0) 42 (34.7) 1.28 0.50–3.24 0.6
Phenotype (%)
TD 6 (33.3) 37 (30.6) 1 / /
PIGD 12 (66.7) 74 (61.2) 1.01 0.38–2.76 0.9
Mixed 0 10 (8.3) / / /

Cox proportional-hazards regression models. PDD: Parkinson’s Disease Dementia; HR: Hazard Ratio; UPDRS-ME: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Motor Examination; HY: Hoehn and Yahr; LED: Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose; NC: Normal Cognition; MCI: Mild Cognitive Impairment; TD: Tremor Dominant; PIGD: Postural Instability Gait Difficulty.