Table 4.

Demographic data and risk factors influencing the development of late-onset VAP in patients infected with blaNDM-1-positive Acinetobacter isolates compared to blaNDM-1-negative isolates

Variables	Total VAP patients infected with Acinetobacter isolates	blaNDM-1-positive Acinetobacter VAP infection	blaNDM-1-negative Acinetobacter VAP infection	P-value
N (%)	64 (100)	42/64 (65.6)	22/64 (34.4)	0.563
Age group (years), n (%)
20–40	16 (25)	10 (23.8)	6 (27.3)
41–64	28 (43.7)	17 (40.5)	11 (50)
≥65	20 (31.3)	15 (35.7)	5 (22.7)
Gender, n (%)
Male	41 (64)	28 (66.7)	13 (59)	0.548
Female	23 (36)	14 (33.3)	9 (41)
Length of hospital stay prior to ICU admission (days), median (minimum–maximum)	13 (3–24)	13 (6–24)	14 (3–16)	0.511
ICU stay before VAP onset (days), median (minimum–maximum)	12 (3–14)	11 (6–14)	5 (3–14)	<0.0001*
Ventilator support (days), median (minimum–maximum)	17 (5–26)	19 (6–26)	11 (5–21)	0.0036*
Prior surgery within 3 months, n (%)	11 (17)	10 (23.8)	1 (4.5)	0.0523
Prior hospitalization within 3 months, n (%)	30 (46.8)	21 (50)	9 (40.9)	0.488
Prior exposure to carbapenem within 3 months, n (%)	41 (64)	32 (76.1)	9 (40.9)	0.0052*
Associated comorbidities, n (%)
Hypertension	22 (34.4)	14 (33.3)	8 (36.3)	0.416
Diabetes mellitus	19 (29.6)	6 (14.2)	13 (59)	0.00019*
Chronic lung disease	24 (37.5)	18 (42.8)	6 (27.2)	0.221
Chronic renal failure	5 (7.8)	3 (7)	2 (9)	0.782
Malignancy	29 (45.3)	20 (47.6)	9 (40.9)	0.608

Note:

^*Statistical significance.

Abbreviations: blaNDM, New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase; ICU, intensive care unit; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.