TABLE 2.
Global (When Applicable) and Regional LV Differences of Imaging Characteristics Among Patients With Light Chain CA
| N | Global LV | Basal LV | Mid LV | Apical LV | p Trend* | p ANOVA† | p A vs. B |
p A vs. M |
p M vs. B |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Echocardiography | ||||||||||
| Longitudinal strain, % | 32 | −12.3 ± 7.7 | −7.4 ± 3.2 | −8.6 ± 4.0 | −20.8 ± 6.6 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.76 |
| Circumferential strain, % | 32 | −21.3 ± 9.5 | −15.6 ± 6.9 | −21.2 ± 8.3 | −27.2 ± 9.5 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | < 0.001 | <0.001 |
| PET | ||||||||||
| Florbetapir retention per gram, μmol/min/g | 32 | 0.089 ± 0.03 | 0.089 ± 0.03 | 0.097 ± 0.03 | 0.085 ± 0.03 | 0.45 | <0.0001 | 0.15 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac MRI | ||||||||||
| Native T1, ms | 22 | 1212 ± 83 | 1189 ± 83 | 1207 ± 90 | 1233 ± 95 | 0.20 | 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.11 | 0.79 |
| Extracellular volume fraction | 22 | 0.51 ± 0.07 | 0.53 ± 0.08 | 0.49 ± 0.08 | 0.49 ± 0.07 | 0.15 | 0.0004 | 0.002 | 1.00 | 0.001 |
| Maximal LV wall thickness, mm | 22 | 15.9 ± 2.1 | 15.6 ± 1.8 | 15.1 ± 2.5 | 9.7 ± 2.6 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.81 |
| LV mass, g | 22 | 159 ± 40 | 74.8 ± 21.2 | 60.8 ± 17.3 | 23.4 ± 6.2 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Regional/global LV mass, % | 22 | 47 ± 5 | 38 ±4 | 15 ± 3 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| LVED volume, ml | 22 | 130 ± 35 | 55.3 ± 16.6 | 55.5 ± 16.3 | 19.5 ± 6.0 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 1.00 |
| LVES volume, ml | 22 | 62 ± 26 | 30.5 ± 12.8 | 26.5 ± 13.0 | 5.0 ± 3.1 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.27 |
| LVEF, % | 22 | 53 ± 10 | 45.0 ± 14.0 | 53.6 ± 10.9 | 75.6 ± 10.9 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.015 |
| Fractional shortening, % | 22 | 21.4 ± 7.1 | 28.8 ± 8.9 | 43.1 ± 12.8 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.004 | |
| LV wall stress, 1,000 dyne/cm2 | 22 | 112 ± 27 | 160 ± 55 | 254 ± 98 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.013 | |
| MRI and PET adjusted parameters | ||||||||||
| Extracellular LV mass, g‡ | 22 | 81.1 ± 27.4 | 40.0 ± 15.6 | 30.2 ± 10.9 | 11.6 ± 3.9 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Total florbetapir retention, μmol/min§ | 22 | 6.9 ± 3.5 | 3.4 ± 1.7 | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 0.93 ± 0.49 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.11 |
Values are n or mean ± SD.
p value for trend (base-mid-apex or apex-mid-base).
p value for repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction to test for differences between apex (A) vs. base (B), apex (A) vs. mid LV (M), and mid LV (M) vs. base (B). All variables are shown as mean ± standard deviation.
Extracellular LV mass = LV mass*Extracellular volume fraction.
Total florbetapir retention = Extracellular LV mass*Florbetapir retention per gram.
ANOVA = analysis of variance; CA = cardiac amyloidosis; LV = left ventricular; LVED = left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; LVES = left ventricular end-systolic volume; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; PET = positron emission tomography.