Table 1.

Participant characteristics and sociodemographics (1002 participants).

Variable	Total (N = 1002)		Occupation				P
			Workera (n = 631)		Non-workerb (n = 371)
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Sex (n = 1002)
Men	497	49.60	381	60.38	116	31.27	<.001c
Women	505	50.40	250	39.62	255	68.73
Age-group (years) (n = 1002)
<29	136	13.57	70	11.09	66	17.79	<.001c
30–39	169	16.87	143	22.66	26	7.01
40–49	197	19.66	155	24.56	42	11.32
50–59	164	16.37	131	20.76	33	8.89
60–69	191	19.06	95	15.06	96	25.88
70–79	145	14.47	37	5.86	108	29.11
Marital status (n = 1002)
Unmarried	302	30.14	213	33.76	89	23.99	.001c
Married, divorced, or widowed	700	69.86	418	66.24	282	76.01
Education (n = 1002)
Elementary school or junior high school	36	3.59	18	2.85	18	4.85	<.001c
Senior high school or professional school	439	43.81	256	40.57	183	49.33
2-year college or technical college	136	13.57	78	12.36	58	15.63
College or university	371	37.03	262	41.52	109	29.38
Graduate			17	2.69	3	0.81
Self-rated economic status (n = 998)
Low (1–3)	157	15.73	98	15.53	59	15.90	.0837c
Moderate (4–6)	636	63.73	405	64.18	231	62.26
High (7–10)	205	20.54	126	19.97	79	21.29
Missing	4	0.40	2	0.32	2	0.54
Having a disease or disorder under treatment (n = 988)
Yes	501	50.71	264	41.84	223	60.11	<.001c
No	487	49.29	361	57.21	140	37.74
Missing	14	1.42	6	0.95	8	2.16
Body mass index (n = 998)
<18.5	115	11.52	75	11.89	40	10.78	.404c
18.5–24.9	674	67.54	416	65.93	258	69.54
≥25.0	209	20.94	139	22.03	70	18.87
Missing	4	0.40	1	0.16	3	0.81
Utilization of health-care services
Emergency visit (n = 998)
Yes	124	12.42	79	12.52	45	12.13	.866c
No	874	87.58	550	87.16	324	87.33
Missing	4	0.40	2	0.32	2	0.54
Hospitalization (n = 1001)
Yes	55	5.49	31	4.91	24	6.47	.299c
No	946	94.51	599	94.93	347	93.53
Missing	1	0.10	1	0.16	0	0.00
Dental checkup (n = 1002)
Yes	652	65.07	393	62.28	259	69.81	.016c
No	350	34.93	238	37.72	112	30.19
Health checkup or cancer screening (n = 999)
Yes	746	74.67	514	81.46	232	62.53	<.001c
No	253	25.33	116	18.38	137	36.93
Missing	3	0.30	1	0.16	2	0.54
Health literacy	Mean ± SDe
	3.61 ± 0.64		3.64 ± 0.62		3.55 ± 0.65		.095d

^aSelf-employed business, company management, full-time or part-time employment.

^bRetired, out of work, or full-time homemaker.

^cChi-square test.

^dt test.

^eStandard deviation.