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. 2019 Feb 15;9:92. doi: 10.1038/s41398-019-0430-9

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Distribution of SmPEGS across different smoking phenotypes in the Dunedin Study and the E-Risk Study. a (Dunedin Study) and b (E-Risk Study) show the distribution in never-, former-, and current-smokers. Black bars represent mean values per group. c and d plot the association of SmPEGS and smoking pack-years in study members who report any smoking in the Dunedin Study (c) and the E-Risk Study (d). The Dunedin Study members were assessed at age-38, whereas the E-Risk Study members were assessed to age-18; hence their truncated years of potential smoking compared to the Dunedin Study (x-axis). e plots the association of the change in pack-years smoked and change in SmPEGS in Study members who report any smoking between ages 26 and 38 in the Dunedin Study. SmPEGS = Smoking Methylation Polygenic Score. SmPEGS are standardized to mean = 0 and SD = 1 within each study