FIG. 9.

Validation studies for TOPAS-nBio. Panel A: Comparison of TOPAS-nBio track-structure simulations to measurements using FNTD detectors as described elsewhere (77). Shown are correlations of the width of skewed Gaussian fits to the simulated number of electrons stopping within a 207-nm radius of primary proton tracks and experimentally derived integrated brightness of FNTD tracks within a radius of 207 nm. Panel B: Comparison of the frequency of energy depositions in nucleosome-sized cylinders between different codes, TOPAS-nBio, MOCA8, OREC and CPA100 used by Charlton et al. (78, 79). Panel C: Comparison of TOPAS-nBio SSB and DSB yields in dry plasmids and experimental data (79, 80). (Reprinted with permission. McNamara AL, Ramos-Méndez J, Perl J, Held K, Dominguez N, Moreno E, et al. Geometrical structures for radiation biology research as implemented in the TOPAS-nBio toolkit. Phys Med Biol. 2018; 63:175018.)