Fig. 2.

Effect of aperture phase modulation and hypothesized mechanism of speckle noise reduction. (a), the reflectance standard phantom (Fluorilon 99W, Avian Technologies LLC). (b), individual (1…N) and 100-frames-averaged OCT B-scans. (c), individual (1…N) and 100-frames-averaged APM-OCT B-scans (DM displacement range: 0.3 μm). (d), representation of the in-focus 3D OCT PSF (reddish ellipse). (e), when the DM was configured as flat mode, a static PSF always selects the same set of scatterers; (f), when the DM was configured in ‘random’ mode, a dynamically varied PSF selects different sets of scatterers. Avg: 100 frames averaged.