Table 5.

Unstandardized Parameter Estimates for Associations between Baseline Psychological Characteristics and Within-Class Latent Growth Factors

	Adolescent-Mother Communication						Adolescent-Father Communication
	Intercept Factor			Linear Slope Factor			Intercept Factor			Linear Slope Factor
Predictor	γ	SE	p value	γ	SE	p value	Γ	SE	p value	γ	SE	p value
Average-Botd Trajectory Class (n = 874)
Female	0.74	1.02	.47	0.16	0.72	.83	‒1.47	1.10	.18	‒1.43	0.75	.06
Depressive Symptoms	‒0.48	0.07	< .001	0.07	0.05	.12	‒0.62	0.06	< .001	‒0.08	0.05	.06
Total Alcohol Consumption	‒1.12	0.43	.01	‒0.60	0.24	.01	‒0.78	0.32	.01	‒0.07	0.21	.74
Binge Drinking Frequency	‒0.49	0.34	.15	‒0.44	0.24	.06	‒0.43	0.45	.33	0.02	0.29	.95
Drug Use Frequency	‒0.47	0.44	.29	0.57	0.48	.23	‒0.66	0.47	.16	0.07	0.41	.87
Good-Mom/Poor-Dad Trajectory Class (n = 106) a
Female	5.14	2.40	.04	‒0.70	2.02	.73	0.72	2.66	.79	‒5.56	3.17	.08
Depressive Symptoms	‒1.24	0.26	< .001	0.62	0.24	.01	‒0.62	0.20	.002	‒0.14	0.14	.32
Total Alcohol Consumption	‒1.59	1.62	.27	0.47	0.76	.64	‒1.40	1.29	.28	‒0.93	0.47	.04
Binge Drinking Frequency	‒1.43	2.31	.54	1.44	1.66	.39	‒2.45	1.41	.08	‒0.74	0.12	< .001
Drug Use Frequency	‒1.21	1.92	.27	0.21	1.45	.93	‒0.96	0.51	.06	‒0.66	0.21	.01
Poor-Mom/Good-Dad Trajectory Class (n = 77) b
Female	‒2.52	3.49	.47	‒4.35	3.63	.23	0.17	3.50	.96	0.61	2.54	.81
Depressive Symptoms	0.14	0.14	.30	‒0.80	0.30	.01	‒0.54	0.36	.13	‒0.11	0.33	.75
Total Alcohol Consumption	‒0.79	1.24	.72	‒0.74	0.17	.001	‒0.69	0.19	< .001	0.75	0.22	.001
Binge Drinking Frequency	‒3.46	1.14	.002	‒1.12	1.05	.25	‒0.56	0.20	.004	0.81	0.11	< .001
Drug Use Frequency	‒2.94	0.74	< .001	‒0.58	1.06	.58	‒1.91	0.12	< .001	0.74	0.19	.001

Note. Analyses for gender, depressive symptoms, and substance use were conducted in separate growth mixture models. Gender, age, non-Hispanic white status, and parental education were included as covariates in models examining psychological characteristics as predictors.

^aThe mean slope factor of adolescent-mother communication is decreasing, and therefore positive values of the parameter estimates for this slope factor indicate significantly greater decreases in adolescent-mother communication.

^bThe mean slope factor of adolescent-father communication is decreasing, and therefore positive values of the parameter estimates for this slope factor indicate significant greater decreases in adolescent-father communication.