Table 2.

Role of sex hormones in optic nerve disorders. For and against evidences, with type of correlation.

Protective effect (+)	No difference or non-protective effect (–)	Unclear effect (±)
Disease	Estrogen	Studies
Glaucoma	+	Dewundara et al., 2016
	+	Vajaranant and Pasquae, 2012
	+	Akar et al., 2004
	+	Shin et al., 2018
	+	Chen et al., 2018
LHON	+	Giordano et al., 2011
	+	Pisano et al., 2015
NAION	–	Bernstein et al., 2007
Optic Neuritis	±	Costello et al., 2012
Glioma and meningioma	±	Anic et al., 2014
	±	Felini et al., 2009
	±	Benson et al., 2015
	+	Krishnamachari et al., 2014
	+	Qi et al., 2013.
	–	Andersen et al., 2013a
	–	Michaud et al., 2010
	–	Claus et al., 2013

LHON, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy; NAOIN, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.