Table 2.

ZIP code–level characteristics and multivariable associations with willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), 2016.

ZIP code–level variables included in model		Value	Adjusted prevalence ratio	95% CI
Density of PrEPa clinics per 10,000 people, mean (SD)		0.00 (0.23)	1.16	1.03-1.31
Driving distance to PrEP clinic from population centroid (miles)b, mean (SD)		10.76 (11.77)	—c	—
	0-2.05	124 (15.76)	0.58	0.33-1.03
	2.06-7.19	131 (16.65)	0.70	0.43-1.11
	7.20-16.68	122 (15.50)	0.63	0.36-1.11
	16.69-57.27	114 (14.49)	0.70	0.45-1.10
	>1-hour drive time (reference)d	296 (37.61)	1	—
Density of doctors and outpatient clinics, mean (SD)		0.21 (0.24)	—	—
Density of CHCse, mean (SD)		0.00 (0.00)	—	—
Density of hospitals, mean (SD)		0.01 (0.01)	—	—
Density of clinics/CHCs/hospital compositesf, mean (SD)		—	1.04	0.80-1.33
Black/African Americang (%), mean (SD)		35.89 (28.52)	1.05	0.87-1.26
Unemployedf (%), mean (SD)		11.42 (5.32)	1.05	0.84-1.31
Living in povertyg (%), mean (SD)		20.02 (11.15)	0.98	0.75-1.27
Uninsuredf (%), mean (SD)		16.65 (6.79)	1.04	0.87-1.24

^aPrEP: pre-exposure prophylaxis.

^bThis is a 5-level variable.

^cNot available.

^dDriving time is approximately 1 minute per mile. Therefore, >1-hour drive time is equivalent to 60 miles. This is the reference group.

^eCHC: community health center.

^fA composite variable created through principal components analysis using density of doctors/outpatient clinics, community health centers, and hospitals; higher scores indicate greater density.

^gMean weighted percentage.