Table 1.
Association between demographics, comorbidity, and cardiac arrest factors and recovery perception
| Patient Characteristic | Negative Recovery Perception (53%; n = 41) | Positive Recovery Perception (47%; n = 37) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, mean ± SD1 | 55.9 ± 16.6 | 52.3 ± 14.9 | .30 |
| Male, % (n) | 60.9 (25) | 70.3 (26) | .47 |
| Race, % (n) | .27 | ||
| White | 48.8 (20) | 59.4 (22) | |
| Black | 17.1 (7) | 8.1 (3) | |
| Hispanic | 29.3 (12) | 18.9 (7) | |
| Asian | 4.9 (2) | 13.5 (5) | |
| Insurance, % (n) | .96 | ||
| Medicare | 22 (9) | 27.8 (10) | |
| Medicaid | 19.5 (8) | 19.4 (7) | |
| Combined | 9.8 (4) | 8.3 (3) | |
| Private | 36.6 (15) | 36.1 (13) | |
| Uninsured | 12.2 (5) | 8.3 (3) | |
| Annual income, % (n) | .16 | ||
| <$45,000 | 30 (12) | 14.3 (5) | |
| >$45,000 | 70 (28) | 85.7 (30) | |
| Smoking, % (n) | .73 | ||
| Never Smoker | 48.7 (19) | 57.6 (19) | |
| Former Smoker | 36 (14) | 27.3 (9) | |
| Current Smoker | 15.4 (6) | 15.2 (5) | |
| Recent alcohol consumption, % (n) | 18 (7) | 27 (10) | .41 |
| Comorbidities at time of cardiac arrest | |||
| Obese, % (n) [BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2] | 40 (16) | 33.3 (12) | .64 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR2) | 2 (1–4) | 3 (1–4) | .25 |
| Premorbid Psychological Diagnosis, % (n) | 22 (9) | 11.1 (4) | .23 |
| Premorbid CPC3, % (n) | .17 | ||
| CPC 1 | 83 (34) | 97.2 (35) | |
| CPC 2 | 9.8 (5) | 0 (0) | |
| CPC 3 | 7.3 (3) | 2.8 (1) | |
| Arrest Related Factors | |||
| In-hospital Arrests, % (n) | 63.4 (26) | 55.6 (20) | .49 |
| CPR4, % (n) | .41 | ||
| No CPR | 5 (2) | 14.7 (5) | |
| Bystander CPR | 20 (8) | 17.7 (6) | |
| CPR provided by EMS or medical personnel | 75 (30) | 67.7 (23) | |
| Defibrillation, % (n) | .9 | ||
| No Defibrillation | 23.1 (9) | 27.3 (9) | |
| Bystander Defibrillation | 2.6 (1) | 3 (1) | |
| Defibrillation provided by EMS or medical personnel | 74.4 (29) | 69.7 (23) | .9 |
| Initial Cardiac Rhythm, % (n) | .89 | ||
| Ventricular Tachycardia/Fibrillation | 48.8 (20) | 52.8 (19) | |
| Pulseless Electrical Activity | 24.4 (10) | 30.6 (11) | |
| Asystole | 26.8 (11) | 16.7 (6) | .6 |
| Return of Spontaneous Circulation minutes), median (IQR) | 9 (3–18) | 6 (3–15) | .42 |
| Targeted Temperature Management, % (n) | 39 (16) | 38.9 (14) | .58 |
| Length of ICU5 Stay (days), median (IQR) | 11 (6–20) | 10 (4–18) | .5 |
| Length of Hospital Stay (days), median (IQR) | 25 (15–36.5) | 23 (10–38) | .31 |
| Discharge Disposition, % (n) | .31 | ||
| Home | 36.6 (15) | 52.8 (19) | |
| Inpatient Rehabilitation | 53.7 (22) | 36.1 (13) | |
| Skilled Nursing | 9.8 (4) | 11.1 (4) |
1
SD Standard Deviation
2
IQR Interquartile Range
3
CPC Cerebral Performance Category scale
4
CPR Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
5
ICU Intensive Care Unit