Table 1: Collaboration Capacities.

Capacities for challenging conversations and interprofessional teamwork

(Modified from UCSF TeamTalk 2015–16: Interprofessional Training in Palliative Care Communication)[41]

Capacity	Example Practices
Self awareness	Pay attention to one’s inner experience, including bodily sensations, strong feelings, distractions, comfort or discomfort, judgments, and emotions resist urge to have your opinion be the only “right” one
Compassion	In your mind, wish well to the patient, family and to your team members. You could also verbally articulate to your patient, family and team members that you are working together to find the best plan. Don’t assume you know why someone is saying or doing something, approach it with curiosity
Response flexibility	Let yourself respond to what is happening in the moment Don’t get too caught up in rehearsing in your head what you are going to say that you miss what is being said Your contribution doesn’t have to be perfectly worded to be helpful to the group
Reflective practice	Non-judgmentally reflect on your recent experiences: How might previous experiences affect my communication with this patient, family, or team member? What assumptions might I have made about this patient/family/team member? Did anything surprise me? Did anything interfere with my ability to be attentive or respectful? Were there any points at which I felt judgmental about someone in the room?