Table 5. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia diagnosis and treatment in patients on VA as compared to VV-ECMO.
| Variable | VA-ECMO (n=15) | VV-ECMO (n=13) | Total (n=28) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive H-PF4 antibody ELISA, n (%) | 13 (86.7) | 12 (92.3) | 25 (89.3) | 1.000 |
| Positive serotonin release assay, n (%) | 6 (40.0) | 3 (23.1) | 9 (32.1) | 0.582 |
| Positive heparin induced platelet aggregation, n (%) | 2 (13.3) | 4 (30.8) | 6 (21.4) | 0.509 |
| Days on heparin, median [IQR] | 8 [6–9] | 11 [5–17] | 9 [6–11] | 0.247 |
| Days to platelet nadir, median [IQR] | 6 [6–6] | 11 [6–14] | 6 [6–10] | 0.119 |
| Platelet count pre-nadir (/µL), median [IQR] | 100.5 [88.0–135.2] | 169.0 [132.8–256.0] | 131.0 [90.0–190.5] | 0.035 |
| Platelet count nadir (/µL), median [IQR] | 26.0 [20.0–33.5] | 45.0 [38.0–60.0] | 34.0 [23.0–52.0] | 0.012 |
| Treatment, n (%) | ||||
| Medication | 0.981 | |||
| Argatroban | 12 (80.0) | 10 (76.9) | 22 (78.6) | |
| Bivalirudin | 2 (13.3) | 2 (15.4) | 4 (14.3) | |
| Lepirudin | 1 (6.7) | 1 (7.7) | 2 (7.1) | |
| Platelet transfusion | 1 (6.7) | 4 (30.8) | 5 (17.9) | 0.244 |
| Plasmapheresis | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 1.000 |
VA, veno-arterial; VV, veno-venous; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; H-PF4, heparin-platelet factor 4; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IQR, interquartile range.