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. 2019 Feb 18;9:2175. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38628-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Ethanolamine utilization by AIEC strain LF82 provides a growth advantage against the avirulent E. coli MG1655 strain. (A) Bacterial growth curves of LF82 and MG1655 strains in mM9-EA supplemented with bile salts. The growth of strains in minimal medium was evaluated in comparison to the maximal of growth of each strain in LB medium (B) Relative expression levels of the eut genes in the LF82 strain. LF82 strains were grown at 37 °C to an OD600 of 0.6 in mM9-EA. Then, bile salts (1%) were added or not for 4 h. (C) Relative expression levels of the eut genes. The ratio of the mRNA level of each gene was measured in the LF82 strain and in the MG1655 strain after 8 hours of culture in the presence of bile salts. (D) Competitive index between LF82, LF82ΔeutB and/or MG1655 in mM9b-EA. Values are means ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney test or ANOVA test for multiple comparisons; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001.