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. 2019 Feb 18;9:2190. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38558-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Blood-spinal cord barrier evaluation. (A) Day 5 scaffold exhibiting ZO-1 (red) localization to the cell-cell junctions, pericytes (GFP), and nuclei (DAPI) for flow (i) and static (ii) conditions. (B) 4-kDa FITC-dextran permeability test for static condition at (i) 1 min, (ii) 12 min, and (iii) 30 min. (C) 4-kDa FITC-dextran perfused with thrombin for static condition at (i) 1 min, (ii) 12 min, and (iii) 30 min. White dashed lines show microvessel contour. (D) Permeability values. Scale bars, 20 μm (A) and 50 μm (B,C). Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; statistical significance was calculated using Welch Two Sample t-test.