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. 2018 Oct 1;11(5):440–445. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1554

Table 3: Summary of the included studies in terms of study design and results

Study ID      Author      Participants      Intervention      Comparison      Outcomes      Study design      Follow up      Main findings     
1      Simsek et al.4      74 space maintainers in 51 children (19 girls and 32 boys) Avg age = 7.3 years, maintainers in 51 children (19 girls and 32 boys) Avg age = 7.3 years.      Fixed space maintainer bonded with a composite resin      None      Space Maintenance      Nonrandomized clinical trial      Till the permanent tooth erupts      Out of 64 space maintainers, 34 space maintainers were placed in mandible and 30 in maxilla with a mean survival time of 12 to 18 months, (average time being 15.3 months). This study showed a moderate risk of bias.     
2      Kirzioglu et al.11      40 space maintainers in 29 children (14 girls, 15 boys) Aged 7-14 years Avg age = 10 years and 1 month      Fixed space maintainer bonded with Sprint- In      None      Space maintenance      Nonrandomized clinical trial      Till the permanent tooth erupts      Out of the 40 space maintainers, 24 space maintainers were placed in mandible and 16 in maxilla with a mean survival time of 5.7 months. This study has a moderate risk of bias     
3      Subramaniam et al.12      60 space maintainers in 30 children (7 girls and 23 boys) aged 6-8 years      Fibre reinforced the composite resin      Band and loop space maintainer      Longevity of space maintainers      Randomized clinical trial      12 months      Out of the 60 space maintainers placed on 26 survived at the end of 12 months. This study has a moderate risk of bias.     
4      Tunc et al.13      30 space maintainers in 30 children (15 girls and 15 boys) aged 4-10 years.      Fibre reinforced the composite resin      Band and loop space maintainers and directly bonded space maintainers.      Longevity of space maintainers      Randomized clinical trial      12 months      The mean survival time of fixed space maintainers was 9.03 months with band and loop for 11.2 months followed by 9.2 months for directly bonded space maintainers and 6.7 months for fiber reinforced composite resin. This study has a moderate risk of bias.     
5      Setia et al.14      60 space maintainers in 60 children aged 4-9 years      Ribbond and Super Splint      Band and loop space maintainers and prefabricated band with custommade loops      Longevity of space maintainers      Randomized clinical trial      9 months      The success rate of the prefabricated band with custom-made loops at the end of 9 months was 84.6%, whereas super splint was 33.33%, ribbond is 45.4 %, and band and loop is 73.3%. This study has a high risk of bias.     
6      Garg et al.15      60 space maintainers in 30 children aged 5-8 years      Fibre reinforced the composite resin      Band and loop space maintainers      Longevity of space maintainers      Randomized clinical trial      18 months      Out of 42 space maintainers analyzed at 18 months, fiber reinforced composite resin showed a success rate of 63.3% and band and loop showed a success rate of 36.7%. This study has a moderate risk of bias.     
7      Gulec et al16      41 space maintainers in 27 children (11 girls and 16 boys) aged 6 to 12 years.      EZ space maintainer      None      Survival of EZ space maintainers      Experimental study      Till the failure of the appliance      The mean survival time of EZ space maintainer is 220 days. This study has a moderate risk of bias.