Table 1.
Characteristics of 130 HIV-Positive Participants With TB Coinfection (HIV+/TB+) and 130 HIV-Positive Matched Controls Without TB Coinfection (HIV+/TB−) Selected From a Cohort of 812 ART-Naive HIV-Positive Patients Investigated for Active TBa
| TB+ | TB− | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Included | Excluded | Included | Excluded | Total |
| Female | 63/130 (49) | 3/7 (43) | 60/130 (46) | 341/524 (65) | 467/791 (59) |
| Age, years | 35 (28–42) | 30 (29–37) | 35 (28–41) | 31.5 (28–38) | 32 (28–40) |
| CD4 count, cells/mm3 | 173 (94.5–271) | 91 (88–197) | 224 (146–328) | 220 (121–327) | 211 (119–320) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 10.4 (9.1–11.8) | 10.9 (8.5–14.2) | 12 (10.9–13.2) | 11.8 (10.3–12.7) | 11.6 (10.2–12.7) |
| HIV RNA, log10 copies/ mL | 5.3 (4.7–5.6) | 5.4 (5.2–5.8) | 5 (4.5–5.5) | 5 (5.5–5.5) | 5.1 (4.5–5.6) |
| On TB treatment at enrollment | 15/130 (12)b | 0/7 (0) | 0 (130) | 0/524 (0) | 15/791 (2) |
| Bacteriological results | |||||
| Sputum smear positive | 29/129 (23) | 2/7 (29) | 0/130 | 0/518 (0) | 31/784 (4) |
| Sputum Xpert MTB/RIF positive | 90/129 (70) | 6/7 (86) | 0/130 | 0/518 (0) | 96/783 (12) |
| Sputum culture positive | 118/129 (92) | 6/7 (86) | 0/130 | 0/523 (0) | 124/788 (17) |
| Lymph node culture positive | 4/5 (80) | 0/0 (0) | 0/3 (0) | 0/1 (0) | 4/9 (44) |
| Lymph node Xpert MTB/RIF positive | 11/12 (92) | 0 (0) | 0/1 (0) | 0/7 (0) | 13/20 (65) |
| Clinical findings | |||||
| WHO-TB symptom screening positivec | 120/129 (93) | 6/7 (86) | 101/128 (79) | 398/520 (77) | 625/784 (80) |
| MUAC cm | 21 (19.4–23) | 22 (18.8–22.5) | 23 (21–25) | 23 (21–24.5) | 22.5 (20.5–24) |
| BMI kg/m2 | 17.7 (16.1–19.7) | 17.6 (16.7–20.7) | 19.5 (17.8–22) | 19.1 (17.6–21.1) | 19 (17.4–21) |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MUAC, mid-upper arm circumference; RNA, ribonucleic acid; TB, tuberculosis; WHO, World Health Organization.
Twenty-one subjects with TB diagnosed on clinical criteria are not presented in this table. For continuous variables, median and interquartile range are presented; for categorical variables, absolute numbers and percentage of total are presented.
Median number of days on treatment before enrollment: 7.
Presence of either cough, weight loss, night sweating, or fever.