Table 6.
Change in serum alanine aminotransferase levels in individual studies
| Study |
Serum ALT level (IU/L) |
P value | P value between groups | ||
| Group | Baseline | Study completion | |||
| Kuchay et al[11] | Empagliflozin | 64.3 (20.2) | 49.7 (25.8) | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Control | 65.3 (40.3) | 61.6 (38.4) | 0.422 | ||
| Ito et al[12] | Ipragliflozin | 57.4 (27.3) | 38.2 (20.5) | < 0.05 | 0.642 |
| Pioglitazone | 53.1 (26.6) | 36.8 (15.1) | < 0.05 | ||
| Shibuya et al[13] | Luseogliflozin | 49.5 (31.0, 70.0) | 31 (26.0, 55.0) | 0.057 | 0.064 |
| Metformin | 39 (23.0, 56.0) | 39 (27.0, 51.0) | 0.518 | ||
| Eriksson et al[14] | Placebo | 33.53 (12.4) | -0.2 (8.8)1 | - | - |
| Omega-3 CA | 37.65 (14.7) | +5.9 (16.5)1 | - | Non-significant2 | |
| Dapagliflozin | 39.41 (14.7) | -8.2 (8.2)1 | - | < 0.052 | |
| O + D | 35.88 (17.1) | +0.1 (12.9)1 | - | Non-significant2 | |
| Ohki et al[15] | Ipragliflozin | 62 (43.0-75.0) | 38.0 (31.0-65.0) | 0.01 | - |
| Seko et al[16] | SGLT-2 inhibitor | 70.8 (8.1) | 48.8 (5.5) | 0.002 | 0.039 |
| Sitagliptin | 92.4 (11.2) | 71.1 (10.0) | 0.012 | ||
| Gautam et al[17] | Canagliflozin | 96 (18.7) | 60.0 (17.6) | < 0.00001 | - |
| Sumida et al[18] | Luseogliflozin | 54.7 (28.2) | 42.4 (26.5) | < 0.001 | - |
1
Change from baseline.
2
Compared to placebo.
ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; CA: Carboxylic acid; O + D: Omega-3 carboxylic acid + Dapagliflozin; SGLT-2: Sodium glucose cotransporter-2.