Table 1.

Notification, nature and scope of concerns about research integrity raised with four academic institutions

	Institution
	1	2	3	4
Concerns
Date(s) concerns raised by our group	14 March 2017	14 March 2017 15 May 2017 11 October 2017 18 November 2017	14 March 2017 18 November 2017	11 October 2017 24 November 2017 3 May 2018
Types of concern	Fabrication Falsification Plagiarism Authorship misconduct Study conduct and governance irregularities Implausible productivity Implausible data Data errors	Fabrication Falsification Plagiarism Duplicate reporting Authorship misconduct Study conduct and governance irregularities Implausible productivity Impossible data Implausible data Data errors Funding unclear	Fabrication Falsification Plagiarism Duplicate reporting Authorship misconduct Study conduct and governance irregularities Implausible productivity Impossible data Implausible data Data errors Funding unclear	Fabrication Plagiarism Duplicate reporting Authorship misconduct Study conduct and governance irregularities Impossible data Data errors Funding unclear
Detailed concerns raised about specific publications	N	Y	Y	Y
Employees affected,a N	4	4	6	2
Publications potentially affected,b N	49	200	68	34

^aCo-author > 5 publications with primary respondent

^bPapers authored by primary respondent with at least one co-author affiliated to the institution