Table 1.
Participant baseline demographic and clinical characteristicsa
| Characteristic | Intervention (n = 85) | Comparison (n = 51) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||
| Age, years, mean (SD)b | 66.5 (17.3) | 58.7 (13.7) | 0.007 |
| Women, no. (%)b | 53 (63.9) | 35 (68.6) | 0.572 |
| White, no. (%)c | 72 (91.1) | 46 (90.2) | 0.856 |
| Hispanic ethnicity, no. (%)b | 7 (8.4) | 2 (3.9) | 0.311 |
| Health Plan type, no. (%)b | |||
| Commercial | 3 (3.6) | 5 (9.8) | 0.088 |
| Deductible | 13 (15.7) | 17 (33.3) | |
| Medicaid | 3 (3.6) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Medicare | 52 (62.7) | 22 (43.1) | |
| ACA marketplace/exchange | 5 (6.0) | 3 (5.9) | |
| Uninsured | 7 (8.4) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Annual out-of-pocket expenses, US dollars | |||
| Health Plan maximum out-of-pocket (individual), mean (SD)d | 3206 (1485) | 3688(1885) | 0.129 |
| Months of Health Plan enrollment, mean (SD) | 159.6 (168.6) | 122.0 (116.4) | 0.164 |
| Census-based socioeconomic measures, %e | |||
| Annual household income < $50,000 | 47.9 | 51.7 | 0.216 |
| Married | 49.8 | 57.1 | 0.003 |
| Did not complete high school | 10.4 | 12.4 | 0.182 |
| Clinical | |||
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD)f | 30.3 (8.4) | 34.6 (10.2) | 0.015 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean (SD)b | 1.52 (2.62) | 0.67 (1.44) | 0.070 |
| Tobacco user, no. (%)g | 12 (15.0) | 9 (17.6) | 0.687 |
All estimates are based on those participants who completed baseline surveys with valid nonmissing data.
Percentages are based on 83 responses in the intervention group
Percentages are based on 79 responses in the intervention group.
Mean Health Plan annual out-of-pocket maximum for an individual is based on 55 responses in the intervention group and 63 in the comparison group, who had cost-sharing requirements for each individual in their health plan.
Estimates for all Census-based measures represent the mean percentage of persons with the given characteristics in the census block groups across participants’ locations of residence.
Estimates are based on 76 responses in the intervention group and 45 in the comparison group.
Percentages are based on 80 responses in the intervention group.
ACA = Affordable Care Act; BMI = body mass index; SD = standard deviation.