| Institute source | Definition | Refs |
|---|---|---|
| NIH | Biomarkers defined as “a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biologic processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention” | 106 |
| National Cancer Institute | A biological molecule found in blood, other body fluids, or tissues that is a sign of a normal or abnormal process, or of a condition or disease. A biomarker may be used to see how well the body responds to a treatment for a disease or condition. Also called molecular marker and signature molecule. | http://www.cancer.sov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?cdrid=45618 |
| Current Opinion HIV | The term ‘biomarker’, a portmanteau of ‘biological marker’, refers to a broad subcategory of medical signs - that is, objective indication of medical state observed from outside the patient - which can be measured accurately and reproducibly. | 107 |
| WHO | Biomarker: a chemical, its metabolite or the product of an interaction between chemical and some target molecule or cell that is measured in the human body. | http://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/biomarkers.pdf |
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