Table 2.
RSFC between seed regions and whole brain compared between DS and HC groups controlled for medication status and age.
| Brain Region | MNI Coordinates | z-score | Cluster size | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X | Y | Z | ||||
| Increased connectivity in DS vs. HC | ||||||
| R dmPFC seed | ||||||
| Frontal Pole | −32 | 32 | 12 | 4.11 | 485 | <.001 |
| ACC/Paracingulate | −8 | 25 | 22 | 3.2 | 485 | <.001 |
| L dmPFC seed | ||||||
| Postcentral gyrus | 54 | −14 | 42 | 3.9 | 297 | 0.008 |
| L NAcc seed | ||||||
| Precuneus | −14 | −60 | 34 | 3.86 | 238 | 0.008 |
| Precuneus | 6 | −60 | 38 | 3.21 | 238 | 0.008 |
| pgACC seed | ||||||
| Thalamus | −2 | −4 | −4 | 4.27 | 655 | <.001 |
| Putamen | −26 | 4 | 0 | 4.12 | 655 | <.001 |
| Caudate | −10 | 8 | 16 | 3.8 | 655 | <.001 |
| NAcc | 6 | 6 | −2 | 3.51 | 655 | <.001 |
| Planum Temporale | −60 | −38 | 14 | 4.64 | 286 | 0.008 |
| STG | −66 | −24 | 12 | 3.92 | 286 | 0.008 |
| Decreased connectivity in DS vs. HC | ||||||
| R dmPFC seed | ||||||
| Cuneal cortex | −2 | −82 | 26 | 4.09 | 328 | 0.002 |
| Precuneus | −20 | −78 | 24 | 2.88 | 328 | 0.002 |
| Precuneus | 8 | −76 | 36 | 3.1 | 282 | 0.002 |
| L dmPFC seed | ||||||
| ITG/MTG | 58 | −22 | −26 | 4.14 | 407 | <0.001 |
| LOC | 40 | −84 | 8 | 4.03 | 388 | 0.001 |
| pgACC seed | ||||||
| SFG/MFG | −22 | 16 | 44 | 3.88 | 385 | 0.001 |
| Postcentral gyrus | −38 | −22 | 60 | 3.98 | 269 | 0.013 |
All p-values Z > 2.3 voxel-wise thresholding and a family-wise error-corrected cluster significance threshold of P < 0.05, further Bonferroni corrected for number of ROIs gave P < 0.012 (i.e. P < 0.05 (Davidson et al., 2003). ACC: anterior cingulate cortex; dmPFC: dorsal medial prefrontal cortex; IFG: inferior frontal gyrus; IFG: inferior temporal gurus; LOC: lateral occipital cortex; MFG: medial frontal gyrus; NAcc: nucleus accumbens; pgACC: pregenual anterior cingulate cortex; SFG: superior frontal gyrus; STG: superior temporal gyrus.