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. 2019 Feb 19;9:2317. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36492-z

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Peptides KCF18 and CF25 affect the expression of cytokine-induced TNF-α in HMEC-1 and THP-1 cells. TNF-α mRNA levels induced by TNF-α (A and D), IL-1β (B and E), or IL-6 (C and F) in HMEC-1 (A–C) and THP-1 (D–F) were determined using qPCR assays, as described in Materials and Methods. GAPDH cDNA was used as an internal control. Values are mean ± SD of mRNA levels relative to those for GAPDH from three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001 as compared with control; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001 and ^####P < 0.0001 as compared with cells stimulated with cytokines in the absence of the peptides.