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. 2018 Dec 12;6(4):1801585. doi: 10.1002/advs.201801585

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Signaling involved in the inflammation, metabolism, cell death, and fibrogenesis process of NAFLD. DAMP, danger‐associated molecular patterns; PAMP, pathogen‐associated molecular patterns; TLRs, Toll‐like receptors; RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation end‐products; SR, scavenger receptor; TIRAP, TIR domain‐containing adaptor protein; TRAM, TRIF‐related adaptor molecule; MyD88, myeloid differentiation factor 88; TRIF, TIR‐domain‐containing adaptor‐inducing interferon‐β; MAPK, mitogen‐activated protein kinase; JNK, Jun N‐terminal kinase; ERK, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase; IRF, interferon regulatory factor; MKK, MAPK kinase; ASK1, apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1; TAK1, TGFβ‐activated kinase 1; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors; AMPK, 5′ adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase; IFN, interferon; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FFA, free fatty acids; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TCA, tricarboxylic acid cycle; PERK, protein kinase R‐like ER kinase; XBP1, X‐box‐binding protein 1; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin; TFs, transcription factors; PDGF, platelet‐derived growth factor; MCP‐1, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; MLKL, mixed lineage kinase domain‐like protein; RIPK, receptor‐interacting proteins kinase; MPT, mitochondrial permeability transition.