Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of children included in the study, stratified by child diagnosis
| Child 36 Month Diagnosis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASD (n = 21) | Non-TD (n = 23) | TD (n = 60) | P-value | |
| Child male gender, n (%) | 18 (85.7) | 13 (56.5) | 32 (53.3) | 0.03 |
| Child race white, n (%) | 7 (33.3) | 8 (34.8) | 44 (73.3) | 0.71 |
| Child Hispanic ethnicity | 8 (38.1) | 7 (30.4) | 18 (30.0) | 0.78 |
| Mother age (years), mean (SD) | 35.2 (5.2) | 34.8 (4.6) | 33.4 (4.8) | 0.13 |
| Father age (years), mean (SD) | 38.5 (5.9) | 37.2 (6.1) | 36.4 (6.2) | 0.38 |
| Mother Pre-pregnancy BMI, n (%) | 0.28 | |||
| Normal | 6 (28.6) | 12 (52.2) | 33 (55.0) | |
| Overweight | 10 (47.6) | 7 (30.4) | 15 (25.0) | |
| Obese | 5 (23.8) | 4 (17.4) | 12 (20.0) | |
| Mother born outside US, n (%) | 5 (23.8) | 3 (13.0) | 10 (16.7) | 0.63 |
| Prenatal Vitamin Use in Month 1, n (%)1 | 7 (33.3) | 9 (42.9) | 33 (55.9) | 0.17 |
| Maternal cigarette smoking before pregnancy, n (%)2 | 2 (10.0) | 3 (14.3) | 3 (5.1) | 0.38 |
| Insurance delivery type, n (%)3 | 0.41 | |||
| Private | 16 (76.2) | 16 (69.6) | 48 (82.8) | |
| Public | 5 (24.8) | 7 (30.4) | 10 (17.2) | |
| Own Home, n (%)1 | 13 (61.9) | 14 (66.7) | 36 (61.0) | 0.90 |
| Maternal Education, n (%) | 0.08 | |||
| Less than a bachelor degree | 13 (61.9) | 15 (65.2) | 25 (41.7) | |
| Bachelor, master’s, professional, or doctorate degree | 8 (38.1) | 8 (34.8) | 35 (58.3) | |
Note: Only MARBLES children whose mothers had PCB measurements during 3rd Trimester were included in the current study.
ASD = Autism Spectrum Disorder; Non-TD = Non-Typical Development; TD = Typical Development;
P-values obtained from chi-square test;
1
Frequency missing = 1 in TD group, 2 in Non-TD group;
2
Frequency missing = 1 in TD group, 1 in ASD group, 2 in Non-TD group;
3
Frequency missing = 2 in TD group.