Table 4. Racial disparities in resource utilization during multivessel percutaneous coronary interventions.
| Resource utilization | White, % | Black, % | Hispanic, % | Asian, % | Native American, % | Other, % | P | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | |||||||
| Coronary angiography | 48.4 | 38.3 | 35.8 | 27.9 | 49.2 | 38.9 | 65.9 | 51.7 | 45.7 | 30.5 | 57.4 | 44.7 | <0.001 | |||||
| Left heart catheterization | 48.9 | 39.3 | 37.4 | 29.4 | 50.0 | 40.2 | 64.2 | 49.3 | 46.5 | 33.3 | 56.1 | 43.6 | <0.001 | |||||
| Bare-metal stent | 11.0 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 6.5 | 10.7 | 7.6 | 9.1 | 7.0 | 8.8 | 7.6 | 12.0 | 10.1 | <0.001 | |||||
| Drug-eluting stent | 47.9 | 36.7 | 33.5 | 27.0 | 45.3 | 36.4 | 66.5 | 49.7 | 43.6 | 30.8 | 57.4 | 43.5 | <0.001 | |||||
| Intra-aortic balloon pump | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 3.2 | <0.001 | |||||
| Ventricular assist device | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.8 | <0.001 | |||||
| Intra-vascular ultrasound | 5.1 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 6.6 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 3.4 | 7.8 | 8.2 | <0.001 | |||||
| Coronary atherectomy | 1.4 | 1.1 | .9 | .6 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 1.5 | <0.001 | |||||
| Fractional flow reserve | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 0.9 | <0.001 | |||||