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. 2019 Feb 20;10:874. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08659-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Parasitemia, clinical symptoms and laboratory abnormalities after CHMI. Parasitemia was measured by daily qPCR from day 6 after CHMI until the third day after antimalarial treatment. a The Kaplan–Meier survival curve shows percent of volunteers remaining untreated. 8/9 BCG vaccinated (green) and 10/10 control volunteers (grey) surpassed the treatment threshold of 100 parasites per millilitre, and were treated on day 7 after challenge. 1/9 BCG vaccinated volunteers remained below 100 Pf/mL until day 9. b All volunteers did have parasitemia detectable by qPCR on day 7 after CHMI. The graph shows log parasites per millilitre on day 7 post CHMI for BCG vaccinated (green) and control (grey) volunteers. c Adverse events were collected daily. The Kaplan–Meier curve shows the percentage of volunteers experiencing one or more moderate or severe, solicited, symptoms during follow-up, BCG vaccinated volunteers (green) compared to controls (grey). d–f Absolute platelet, lymphocyte and neutrophil differentiation counts were determined by daily hemocytometry starting on day 6 post-challenge. Graphs show relative change in cell counts compared to pre-challenge values in both BCG vaccinated (n = 9, each coloured dot shows and individual volunteer, colours consistently represent the same volunteers across each graph) and non-BCG vaccinated controls (n = 10, grey dots)