Table 1.
Thirty-nine cases of feeding-related bowel necrosis or NOMI after surgery for oncologic indications
| Author | Age | Sex | Comorbidity | Diagnosis | Primary surgery | Start of feeding (POD) | Days on feeding | Osmolality of feeding (mOsm/kg) | Maximum rate (ml/h) | Procedure | Surgical findings | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zern [11] | 81 | F | ND | Ovarian cancer | Hysterectomy, colorectomy | 0 | 6 | 650 | 100 | None | – | Survival |
| Brenner [12] | 73 | M | Hypertension, diabetes | Bladder cancer | Cystectomy | 1 | 10 | ND | 75 | None | – | Death |
| Schunn [13] | 38 | M | ND | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 2 | 4 | 490 | 40 | Bowel resection | Entire small bowel necrosis with inspissated tube feeds | Survival |
| 61 | F | None | Gastric cancer | Distal gastrectomy | 0 | 9 | 367 | 60 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Survival | |
| 71 | F | Hypertension | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 2 | 7 | 310 | 70 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Death | |
| 85 | M | None | Pancreatic cancer | Jejunostomy | 2 | 4 | 300 | 60 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Death | |
| Rai [14] | 58 | F | ND | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 1 | 14 | 300 | 100 | Laparotomy | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Death |
| Lawlor [6] | 57 | M | ND | Esophageal cancer | Esophagectomy | 1 | 3 | 375 | 100 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Survival |
| 71 | F | ND | Colon cancer | Gastrojejunostomy | 2 | 6 | 300 | 50 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Survival | |
| Jorba [7] | 70 | M | ND | Cholangiocarcinoma | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 1 | 6 | ND | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Death |
| Messiner [15] | 52 | ND | ND | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | ND | ND | ND | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis with inspissated tube feeds | Survival |
| 71 | ND | ND | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | ND | ND | ND | ND | Laparotomy | Bowel necrosis with inspissated tube feeds | Death | |
| 79 | ND | ND | Ampullary cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | ND | ND | ND | ND | Laparotomy | Bowel necrosis with inspissated tube feeds | Death | |
| Thaler [16] | 74 | M | ND | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 2 | 4 | ND | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Survival |
| Melis [17] | 54 | F | Hypertension | Esophageal cancer | Esophagectomy | 1 | 6 | 460 | 70 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Death |
| Spalding [4] | 76 | M | Atrial fibrillation | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 3 | 300 | 125 | Laparotomy | Proximal jejunum necrosis | Death |
| 65 | F | None | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 4 | 300 | 75 | Laparotomy | Entire small bowel necrosis | Death | |
| 55 | M | None | Gastric lymphoma | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 17 | 300 | 125 | Bowel resection | Entire small bowel necrosis | Death | |
| 72 | M | None | Ampullary cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 1 | 4 | 300 | 75 | Laparotomy | Entire small bowel and right colon necrosis | Death | |
| 39 | M | None | IPMN | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 1 | 6 | 300 | 125 | Bowel resection | Partial small bowel ischemia | Survival | |
| 55 | F | None | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 1 | 12 | 460 | 85 | Laparotomy | Entire small bowel necrosis | Death | |
| Sarap [18] | 85 | M | Hypertension | Gastric cancer | Distal gastrectomy | 1 | 2 | ND | 25 | Laparotomy | Entire small bowel and right colon necrosis | Death |
| Qureshi [19] | 58 | M | Myocardial infarction | Esophageal cancer | Esophagectomy | 2 | 1 | ND | ND | Laparotomy | Entire small and large bowel necrosis | Death |
| Al-Taan [3] | ND | ND | ND | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 13 | ND | 50 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Survival |
| ND | ND | ND | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 7 | ND | 55 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Death | |
| ND | ND | ND | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 6 | ND | 50 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Survival | |
| ND | ND | ND | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 7 | ND | 52 | Laparotomy | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Survival | |
| ND | ND | ND | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 5 | ND | 50 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Survival | |
| ND | ND | ND | Gastric cancer | Total gastrectomy | 1 | 4 | ND | 50 | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy with inspissated tube feeds | Survival | |
| Sethuraman [20] | 70 | ND | None | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | ND | ND | ND | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Death |
| 71 | ND | Hypertension | Insulinoma | Total pancreatectomy | 22 | 3 | 375 | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Death | |
| 72 | ND | Atrial fibrillation | Ampullary cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 3 | 2 | 620 | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Survival | |
| 50 | ND | Arteriosclerosis obliterans | Pancreatic cancer | Total pancreatectomy | 3 | 9 | 600 | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Survival | |
| 69 | ND | Hypertension | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 3 | 10 | 620 | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Death | |
| 60 | ND | Hyperlipidemia | Esophageal cancer | Esophagectomy | 3 | 3 | 350 | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Survival | |
| 55 | ND | Hypertension, diabetes | Pancreatic cancer | Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 3 | 5 | 350 | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Survival | |
| 74 | ND | Hypertension, diabetes | Esophageal cancer | Esophagectomy | 2 | 14 | 350 | ND | Bowel resection | Bowel necrosis distal to the jejunostomy | Survival | |
| Our data | 75 | M | None | Esophageal cancer | Esophagectomy | 3 | 4 | 700 | 80 | Papaverine | – | Survival |
| 68 | M | Diabetes, atrial fibrillation | Esophageal cancer | Esophagectomy | 3 | 6 | 400 | 60 | Papaverine | – | Survival |
ND no data, M man, F female, IPMN intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm