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. 2019 Jan 12;116(4):670–683. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.009

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Quantification of cancer cell durotaxis in response to a stiffness gradient. (A) Comparison of FMI values for U87 glioblastoma cells cultured on gradient versus uniform soft or uniform stiff substrates to quantify the effects of a stiffness gradient on directed migration. (B–D) Angular displacement plots for U87 cells cultured on a gradient (B), uniform soft (C), or uniform stiff (D) substrates as a secondary measure of directional migration. Error bars represent mean ± standard error (SE). Data were obtained from n = 572, n = 197, or n = 167 cells from N ≥ 4 biological replicates (independent experiments) for gradient, soft, and stiff conditions, respectively. FMI p-values were calculated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (∗∗∗p ≥ 0.001). Angular displacement data were calculated and evaluated statistically using Rayleigh tests for evaluating nonuniformity of circular data (MATLAB) with the assumed mean direction set at 90° (∗∗∗p ≤ 0.001). To see this figure in color, go online.