Table 3.

Metabolic flux and steady-state ΔG_ATP in control and DCA treatment conditions

	0.35 Hz (n = 6)		0.5 Hz (n = 7)		0.75 Hz (n = 6)		1.0 Hz (n = 7)		2.0 Hz (n = 6)
	Control	DCA	Control	DCA	Control	DCA	Control	DCA	Control	DCA
JATPase, mM/s	0.09 ± 0.04	0.19 ± 0.05	0.16 ± 0.02	0.21 ± 0.01	0.23 ± 0.01	0.32 ± 0.04	0.34 ± 0.04	0.40 ± 0.05	0.87 ± 0.14	0.68 ± 0.11*
JGLY, mM/s	0.01 ± 0.00	0.01 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.01	0.06 ± 0.02	0.03 ± 0.01	0.10 ± 0.02	0.07 ± 0.01	0.43 ± 0.08	0.40 ± 0.07
JMITO. mM/s	0.09 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.01	0.14 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.02	0.16 ± 0.02	0.27 ± 0.04	0.22 ± 0.02	0.32 ± 0.05	0.40 ± 0.16	0.40 ± 0.10
ΔGATP, kJ/mol	−58.2 ± 0.3	−59.9 ± 0.4*	−56.8 ± 0.4	−57.7 ± 0.6*	−55.6 ± 0.3	−56.0 ± 0.4*	−55.4 ± 0.3	−55.6 ± 0.4	−54.6 ± 0.6	−54.5 ± 0.3

Values are means ± SE, n = 6 or 7 per stimulation. Glycolytic ATP synthesis rate (J_GLY), cytosolic ATP hydrolysis rate (J_ATPase), mitochondrial ATP synthesis rate (J_MITO), and free energy of ATP hydrolysis (ΔG_ATP) were calculated as described in materials and methods. DCA, dichloroacetate.

^*Significant difference between control and DCA (P < 0.05) by 2-tailed paired Student’s t-test.