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. 2018 Jul 23;24(1):51–63. doi: 10.1007/s11367-018-1504-2

Table 5.

Results of LCIA and cumulative energy demand calculation

Impact category
Climate change (CC) 35 g CO2 eq/kWh
Ozone depletion (OD) 3.7 μg CFC-11 eq/kWh
Photochemical oxidant formation (POF) 325 mg NMVOC/kWh
Terrestrial acidification (TA) 404 mg SO2 eq/kWh
Freshwater eutrophication (F Eut) 21 mg P eq/kWh
Marine eutrophication (M Eut) 14 mg N eq/kWh
Particulate matter formation (PMF) 184 mg PM10 eq/kWh
Human toxicity (HT) 33 g 1,4-DB eq/kWh
Terrestrial ecotoxicity (T Etox) 4.2 mg 1,4-DB eq/kWh
Freshwater ecotoxicity (F Etox) 906 mg 1,4-DB eq/kWh
Marine ecotoxicity (M Etox) 924 mg 1,4-DB eq/kWh
Ionising radiation (IR) 2.4 Bq 235U eq/kWh
Agricultural land occupation (ALO) 915 mm2a/kWh
Urban land occupation (ULO) 393 mm2a/kWh
Natural land transformation (NLT) 8.5 mm2/kWh
Water depletion (WD) 241 cm3/kWh
Metal depletion (MD) 26 g Fe eq/kWh
Fossil depletion (FD) 10 g oil eq/kWh
Cumulative energy demand (CED) 493 kJ/kWh