Table 2.
Associations of Nicotine Dependence With Suicidal Behaviors, Adjusting for Sociodemographics (All Models), Childhood Adversities (Models 2 and 3), and Mental Disorders (Model 3)
| Onset of suicidal behaviors among all respondents (N=30,436) |
Progression of suicidal behaviors among ideators | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor of interest |
Ideation, AOR (95% CI) |
Plan, AOR (95% CI) |
Attempt, AOR (95% CI) |
Plan (n=4060), AOR (95% CI) |
Planned attempt (n=625), AOR (95% CI) |
Unplanned attempt (n=3519), AOR (95% CI) |
| Nicotine dependence (Model 1) |
2.07*** (1.83, 2.34) |
2.67*** (2.12, 3.36) |
4.08*** (3.25, 5.13) |
1.48** (1.14, 1.90) |
1.85** (1.22, 2.79) |
2.44*** (1.65, 3.59) |
| Nicotine dependence (Model 2) |
1.65*** (1.44, 1.90) |
1.85*** (1.44, 2.38) |
2.84*** (2.22, 3.64) |
1.36* (1.05, 1.76) |
1.70* (1.11, 2.59) |
2.32*** (1.57, 3.45) |
| Nicotine dependence (Model 3) |
1.27** (1.10, 1.46) |
1.17 (0.87, 1.56) |
1.83*** (1.41, 2.37) |
0.99 (0.72, 1.36) |
1.36 (0.89, 2.08) |
2.03*** (1.36, 3.03) |
Notes: Boldface indicates statistical significance
p<0.05
p<0.01
p<0.001.
AORs are from discrete-time survival analysis of suicidal behavior outcomes (listed in column headers), where nicotine dependence was the predictor of interest and increasing controls for other risk factors were applied in Models 1 through 3. Model 1 adjusted for person-year, sex, race/ethnicity, religion, soldier and parental education, nativity, service component, site of Basic Combat Training, and survey version. Model 2 adjusted for all of the variables included in Model 1, plus childhood adversities (maltreatment, bullying victimization [physical and verbal], and parental substance abuse). Model 3 adjusted for all of the variables included in Model 2, plus major depressive episode, mania/hypomania, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, substance use disorder, and persistent attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder that predated the suicidal behavior; as well as number of mental disorders that predated the suicidal behavior.