Table 2. Prevalence of enteropathogens in diarrhea cases and controls children from the semiarid region in Brazil.
| Enteropathogens | Total prevalence, N / Total (%) | Diarrhea, N / Total (%) | Controls, N / Total (%) | P values | OR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virus | ||||||
| Rotavirus | 86 /1161 (7.4) | 56 / 588 (9.5) | 30 / 573 (5.2) | 0.007 | 1.905 | 1.204–3.016 |
| Norovirus GII | 36 / 1161 (3.1) | 30 / 588 (5.1) | 6 / 573 (1.0) | <0.001 | 5.081 | 2.098–12.301 |
| Sapovirus | 35 / 1161 (3.0) | 23 / 588 (3.9) | 12 / 573 (2.1) | 0.86 | 1.903 | 0.938–3.862 |
| Adenovirus | 24 / 1161 (2.1) | 19 / 588 (3.2) | 5 / 573 (0.9) | 0.006 | 3.793 | 1.407–10.229 |
| Astrovirus | 22 / 1161 (1.9) | 12 / 588 (2.0) | 10 / 573 (1.7) | 0.831 | 1.173 | 0.503–2.737 |
| Bacteria | ||||||
| EAEC (aatA or aaiC) | 650 / 1191 (54.6) | 350 / 591 (59.1) | 300 / 600 (50.0) | 0.002 | 1.452 | 1.155–1.826 |
| EPEC (bfA or eaeA) | 355 /1191 (29.8) | 185 / 591 (31.3) | 170 / 600 (28.3) | 0.282 | 1.153 | 0.899–1.478 |
| aEPEC (eaeA) | 310 / 1191 (26.0) | 155 / 591 (26.2) | 155 / 600 (25.8) | 0.895 | 1.021 | 0.788–1.322 |
| tEPEC (bfA) | 29 / 1191 (2.4) | 22 / 591 (3.7) | 7 / 600 (1.2) | 0.004 | 3.275 | 1.388–7.727 |
| Salmonella spp. (invA) | 169 / 1187 (14.2) | 81 / 587 (13.8) | 88 / 600 (14.7) | 0.679 | 0.931 | 0.672–1.290 |
| Shigella spp. (ipaH) | 147 / 1187 (12.4) | 70 / 587 (11.9) | 77 / 600 (12.8) | 0.660 | 0.920 | 0.651–1.299 |
| ETEC (LT or ST) (eltB or estA) | 113 / 1191 (9.5) | 56 / 591 (9.5) | 57 / 600 (9.5) | 1.00 | 0.997 | 0.677–1.469 |
| LT-ETEC (eltB) | 80 / 1191 (6.7) | 39 / 591 (6.6) | 41 / 600 (6.8) | 0.908 | 0.963 | 0.612–1.517 |
| ST-ETEC (estA) | 12 / 1191 (1.0) | 2 / 591 (0.3) | 10 / 600 (1.7) | 0.038 | 0.200 | 0.044–0.918 |
| ST_LT-ETEC (estA and eltB) | 21 / 1191 (1.8) | 15 / 591 (2.5) | 6 / 600 (1.0) | 0.049 | 2.578 | 0.993–6.691 |
| STEC (stx1 or stx2) | 101 / 1191 (8.5) | 63 / 591 (10.7) | 38 / 600 (6.3) | 0.009 | 1.765 | 1.160–2.685 |
| Campylobacter spp. (cadF) | 86 / 1187 (7.2) | 51 / 587 (8.7) | 35 / 600 (5.8) | 0.073 | 1.536 | 0.983–2.400 |
| Aeromonas spp. (aerA) | 36 / 1187 (3.0) | 20 / 587 (3.4) | 16 / 600 (2.7) | 0.501 | 1.287 | 0.660–2.510 |
| Vibrio spp. (toxR) | 7 / 1187 (0.6) | 4 / 587 (0.7) | 3 / 600 (0.5) | 0.723 | 1.365 | 0.304–6.127 |
| Protozoa | ||||||
| Giardia spp. | 252 / 1187 (21.2) | 141 / 587 (24.0) | 111 / 600 (18.5) | 0.023 | 1.393 | 1.053–1.843 |
| Cryptosporidium spp. | 76 / 1187 (6.4) | 41 / 587 (7.0) | 35 / 600 (5.8) | 0.477 | 1.212 | 0.761–1.932 |
| Entamoeba histolytica | 15 / 1187 (1.3) | 6 / 587 (1.0) | 9 / 600 (1.5) | 0.605 | 0.678 | 0.240–1.917 |
All primers, polymerase chain reaction conditions and references are described in S1 Table.