Table 2.

Examples of application and selection of biomolecules that have been detected by integrated photonic biosensors based on SOI ring resonators.

Application	Analyte/Biomarker	Receptor/Target	Detection Limit	Ref.
Acute inflammation	C-reactive protein (CRP)	Anti-CRP	6.5 pM	[64,68]
Acute inflammation	Interleukin 2,4,5	Anti-CRP	6–100 pM	[68,69]
HIV	Human immunoglobulin (Hu-IgG)	Anti-Hu-lgG	1 ng	[70]
Hepatitis	Human serum albumin	Anti-Albumin	3.4 pg	[45]
Meningitis	tmRNA	DNA	$0.524\mathrm{nM}$	[66]
Prostate cancer	Prostate specific antigen (PSA)	Anti-PSA	0.4 nM	[12,71]
Liver cancer	$\alpha$-fetoprotein (AFP)	Anti-AFP	100 pM	[12]
Bowel cancer	Carcinoembrionic antigen (CEA)	Anti-CEA	10 pM	[72]
Bladder cancer	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)	Antibody	100 pM	[69]
Model system	Green fluorescent protein (GFP)	Antibody	0.1 mg/mL	[71]
Model system	Streptavidin	Biotin	60–150 fM	[45,62,63]
Food monitoring	Bean pod mottle virus	Antibody	1.43 pM	[67]