Table 1.

The values of Stern–Volmer quenching constants (K_q), bimolecular quenching rate constants (k_q), correlation coefficients of Stern–Volmer curves (R), binding constants (K_D), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) for the binary and ternary systems at λ_EX = 295 nm and T = 310.15 K.

System	Kq [103 M−1]	kq [1011 M−1s−1]	R	KD [μM]	ΔG [kJ mol−1]
AML + HSA	5.35 ± 0.09	5.35 ± 0.09	0.9998	183.77 ± 25.28	−22.181
Q + HSA	15.23 ± 1.89	15.23 ± 1.89	0.9756	6.48 ± 2.01	−30.807
(Q +HSA) +AML	5.07 ± 0.07	5.07 ± 0.07	0.9998	192.81 ± 24.09	−22.057
(AML + HSA) + Q	76.02 ± 1.35	76.02 ± 1.35	0.9989	2.39 ± 0.32	−33.379