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. 2019 Feb 21;9:2520. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37525-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Increasing the power of NMR metabolomics analysis by increasing sample reproducibility, and by enhancing sensitivity with modern probe technology. (a) Spectra of four hematological cell lines (black: U266 and green: UM3, both myeloma cell lines, blue: Sudhl6 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, red: Glor Burkitt’s lymphoma cell line) with 6 replicates per cell line to illustrate the required level of reproducibility. (b) Principal Component Analysis plot of spectra shown in (a) with 95% confidence intervals showing a clear separation between classes of cells and excellent clustering within the individual cell lines. (c,d) Comparison of 1D spectra obtained from two equal mass samples, either sucrose (c) or hepatocarcinoma cell line (HuH7) extracts (d) using a 1.7 mm micro-cryoprobe (blue), a 5 mm cryoprobe (black) and a 5 mm room temperature (RT) probe (red). These panels illustrate a factor 5–7 sensitivity gain from the RT to the cryoprobe, and another factor of 5–7 for the micro-cryoprobe. Overall the gain for equal sample masses from the RT to the micro-cryoprobe can be up to 40 fold.