Table 1 |.
Bacteria | Hypertension | CKD | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Change (organism) | Refs | Change (organism) | Refs | |
Actinobacteria | ||||
Bifidobacterium | ↓ (rat) | 87,89 | ↓ (human and rat) | 103,217 |
Bacteroidetes | ||||
Bactemides | ↓ (human and rat) | 87,89,90,95 | ↓ (human and rat) | 101,104 |
Prevotella | ↑ (human) | 90 | ↓ (human) | 107,110 |
Parabactewides | ↑ (human and rat) | 87,90 | ↑ (human) | 110 |
Firmicutes | ||||
Lactobacillus | ↓ (human and mouse) | 92 | ↓ (human and rat) | 101,104 |
Ruminococcaceae | NA | NA | ↓ (human) | 107 |
Roseburia | ↓ (human) | 90 | ↓ (human) | 107 |
Allobaculum | ↓ (rat) | 87 | NA | NA |
Enterococcus | NA | NA | ↑ (human) | 107 |
Faecalibacterium | ↓ (human) | 90 | ↓ (human) | 107 |
Proteobacteria | ||||
Enterobacteriaceae | NA | NA | ↑ (human) | 101,105 |
Klebsiella | ↓ (human) | 203 | ↑ (human) | 107 |
Verrucomicrobia | ||||
Akkermansia | ↓ (human and rat) | 87,90 | NA | NA |
Changes in microbial composition in comparison with the microbiota of healthy controls. ↑, proportion increased; ↓, proportion decreased; CKD, chronic kidney disease; NA, not available.