Table 2.
Cargo delivery systems based on BC: carriers, applications, and loading and release mechanisms
| Drug/bioactive agent | Carrier | Potential application | Loading mechanism | Release mechanism | Year [Reference] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azorubine | Supplemented BC fleeces | Safe-to-store oral delivery and targeted drug delivery | Immersion in solution (absorption) | Diffusion | 2014 [135] |
| Bovine serum albumin | BNC fleece | Protein delivery | High-speed vortexing | Diffusion | 2014 [136] |
| Octenidine | BNC fleece | Wound treatment | Immersion in solution under shaking | Diffusion | 2014 [137] |
| Octenidine | BNC/poloxamer micellar hydrogels | Dermal drug delivery | Immersion under shaking | Sustained gel dissolution | 2016 [138] |
| Ibuprofen | BNC/graphene oxide composite hydrogels | Delivery of poorly watersoluble drugs | Immersion in drug solution | Non-Fickian, pH- regulated diffusion | 2017 [139] |
| Bromelain | BNC membranes | Antimicrobial wound dressing | Immersion in solution under shaking | Diffusion | 2017 [140] |
| Diclofenac sodium salt (DCF) | BNC-Poly(Nmethacryloyl glycine) membrane | Dermal and oral drug delivery | Immersion in solution | pHdependent (high release at pH ~ 7.4) | 2017 [141] |
| NA | BNC-ZnO nanocomposite films | Antimicrobial burn wound dressing | Immersion under shaking and lyophilization | Dermal application to burn as a bandage | 2017 [142] |
| Methotrexate | BC/CMC composite membrane | Topical treatment for psoriasis | Immersion in solution | Dissolution in vitro | 2018 [143] |
| Silymarin | Zein nanoparticle/BC nanofiber composite films | Antioxidant/a ntibacterial | Encapsulatio n in nanoparticles | Improved solubility | 2018 [144] |
| Cells (Keratinocytes and fibroblasts) | BC/acrylic acid hydrogels | burn wounds | encapsulation | NA | 2018 [145] |