Table 3.

Association of maternal GDM status during pregnancy with dichotomous child metabolic outcomes

Dichotomous child glucose outcome	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4
IFG-ADA	OR 1.11	Risk difference 0.0066	OR 1.11	Risk difference 0.0063	OR 1.09	Risk difference 0.005	OR 1.09	Risk difference 0.005
	95% CI 0.79–1.54	95% CI −0.018 to 0.031	95% CI 0.79–1.54	95% CI −0.019 to 0.031	95% CI 0.78–1.52	95% CI −0.019 to 0.031	95% CI 0.78–1.52	95% CI −0.019 to 0.031
	P = 0.55	P = 0.60	P = 0.58	P = 0.62	P = 0.62	P = 0.54	P = 0.61	P = 0.64
	C-statistic = 0.78		C-statistic = 0.78		C-statistic = 0.78		C-statistic = 0.78
IGT	OR 1.91	Risk difference 0.046	OR 1.96	Risk difference 0.047	OR 1.87	Risk difference 0.044	OR 1.96	Risk difference 0.047
	95% CI 1.38–2.64	95% CI 0.020–0.071	95% CI 1.41–2.72	95% CI 0.022–0.073	95% CI 1.35–2.59	95% CI 0.019–0.070	95% CI 1.41–2.73	95% CI 0.021–0.072
	P < 0.0001	P = 0.0004	P < 0.0001	P = 0.0003	P = 0.0001	P = 0.0007	P < 0.0001	P = 0.0004
	C-statistic = 0.70		C-statistic = 0.70		C-statistic = 0.71		C-statistic = 0.71

Model 1 was adjusted for field center + child age, sex, and pubertal status (Tanner stage 1, 2/3, 4/5, and sex × Tanner stage interaction) + maternal variables at pregnancy OGTT (age, height, mean arterial pressure, parity [0 or 1+], smoking [yes/no], drinking [yes/no], and gestational age), and child’s family history of diabetes in first-degree relatives. Model 2 was model 1 + maternal BMI at pregnancy OGTT. Model 3 was model 1 + child’s BMI z score. Model 4 was model 1 + maternal BMI at pregnancy OGTT + child’s BMI z score.