Child glucose levels across categories of maternal glucose levels. Mean levels of child fasting (A), 30-min (B), 1-h (C), and 2-h (D) glucose levels, sum of glucose z scores (E) and A1C (F) across categories of fasting, 1-h, and 2-h PG are shown. Glucose categories are defined as follows: fasting PG level—category 1, <4.2 mmol/L; category 2, 4.2–4.4 mmol/L; category 3, 4.5–4.7 mmol/L; category 4, 4.8–5.0 mmol/L; and category 5, ≥5.1 mmol/L; 1-h PG level—category 1, ≤5.8 mmol/L; category 2, 5.9–7.3 mmol/L; category 3, 7.4–8.6 mmol/L; category 4, 8.7–9.9 mmol/L; and category 5, ≥10.0 mmol/L; and 2-h PG level—category 1, ≤5.0 mmol/L; category 2, 5.1–6.0 mmol/L; category 3, 6.1–6.9 mmol/L; category 4, 7.0–8.4 mmol/L; and category 5, ≥8.5 mmol/L.