Table 2.
Distribution of anemia and its parameters among different stages of chronic kidney disease in black South Africans
| Stage I | Stage II | Stage IIIa | Stage IIIb | Stage IV | Stage V | Total (n=258) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anemia status, n (%) | ||||||||
| Anemic | 9 (39.1) | 8 (23.5) | 7 (21.9) | 13 (25.0) | 31 (52.5) | 53 (91.4) | 121 (46.9%) | <0.001a |
| Non-anemic | 14 (60.9) | 26 (76.5) | 25 (78.1) | 39 (75%) | 28 (47.5) | 5 (8.6%) | 137 (53.1%) | |
| Hb (g/dL), mean ± SD | 12.8±2.3 | 13.6±2.5 | 13.8±1.9 | 13.3±2.0 | 12.1±2.3 | 9.5±2.3 | 12.2±2.7 | 0.0001b |
| MCV (fL), mean ± SD | 87.7±5.7 | 91.0±6.9 | 88.6±6.2 | 89.2±5.6 | 85.1±6.2 | 86.8±6.1 | 87.8±6.3 | 0.0002b |
| MCH (pg), mean ± SD | 28.9±2.2 | 29.8±2.4 | 29.1±2.2 | 28.9±2.1 | 27.5±2.7 | 27.9±2.3 | 28.5±2.5 | 0.0001b |
| MCHC, mean ± SD | 31.9±3.2 | 32.8±1.7 | 32.9±0.9 | 32.5±1.5 | 32.3±1.6 | 31.9±2.2 | 32.4±1.9 | 0.15b |
| CRP (mg/L), mean ± SD | 10.8±1.5 | 21.9±5.0 | 10.8±2.7 | 13.8±8.4 | 15.5±10.2 | 51.3±6.6 | 23.0±3.9 | <0.0001b |
| CRP groups, n (%) | ||||||||
| Inflammation (CRP ≥10) | 6 (26.1) | 7 (20.6) | 3 (9.4) | 16 (30.8) | 25 (42.4) | 50 (86.2) | 107 (41.5) | <0.0001c |
| No inflammation (CRP <10) | 17 (73.9) | 27 (79.4) | 29 (90.6) | 36 (69.2) | 34 (57.6) | 8 (13.8) | 151 (58.5) |
Notes:
a
Pearson’s chi-squared test;
b
ANOVA;
c
Fisher’s exact test.
Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume.