TABLE 1. Population characteristics in a study of the impact of pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV13) introduction to the National Immunization Program in Argentina, among children less than 5 years of age in Concordia, Argentina, by study period.
| Variable | Pre-introduction of PCV13 (2002 – 2005) | Post-introduction of PCV13 (2014 – 2016) | Pᵃ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | |||
| Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) | 768 | 330 | ||||
| Consolidated CAP and pleural effusion (probably) | 434 | 56.5 | 92 | 27.9 | < 0.0001 | |
| Pneumococcal pneumonia (confirmed) | 25 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 | < 0.0001 | |
| Age (months) | ||||||
| 0 – 11 | 288 | 37.5 | 136 | 41.21 | — | |
| 12 – 23 | 199 | 25.9 | 91 | 27.6 | ||
| 24 – 59 | 281 | 36.5 | 103 | 31.2 | ||
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 364 | 47.4 | 153 | 46.3 | — | |
| Male | 404 | 52.6 | 177 | 53.6 | ||
| Socioeconomic status | ||||||
| 1 | — | 2 | 0.6 | — | ||
| 2 | 14 | 4.2 | ||||
| 3 | 90 | 27.3 | ||||
| 4 | 203 | 61.5 | ||||
| 5 | 21 | 6.3 | ||||
| Nutritional status, eutrophic | 619 | 82.0 | 281 | 85.1 | — | |
| Nursery school/pre-kindergarten | 51 | 6.8 | 39 | 11.8 | 0.004 | |
| Receiving antibiotics in previous 3 months | 191 | 25.0 | 46 | 13.9 | 0.0001 | |
| Hospitalization in previous 3 months | — | 55 | 16.7 | |||
| Underlying disease | 347 | 45.5 | 162 | 49.1 | — | |
| Outcome | ||||||
| Cured | 758 | 98.9 | 327 | 99.1 | — | |
| Derived | 3 | 0.3 | 2 | 0.6 | ||
| Deceased | 5 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.3 | ||
| Health care service | ||||||
| Inpatient | 488 | 63.5 | 211 | 63.9 | — | |
| Outpatient | 280 | 36.4 | 117 | 35.4 | ||
a
Chi-squared test.
Source: Prepared by the authors from the study results.