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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2019 Feb;124(3):437–450. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313129

Figure 1. Cytokines Implicated in the Atherothrombotic Process.

Figure 1.

Data derived from mouse studies (left) and human studies (right) suggest an intricate balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine signaling pathways in the genesis of atherosclerotic lesions and in the probability of plaque rupture leading to clinical events such as myocardial infarction, stoke, and cardiovascular death. Adapted from Kleeman et al, Cardiovascular Research 2008;79:360–376 and Ait-Oufella H et al, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011;31:969–979.