Table 6. Healthcare service utilization (outpatient clinic visit, emergency room encounter and hospitalization–Mean (SD)).

ML Algorithm for Literacy Profiles	Literacy Profile (Dependent Variable)	Outpatient clinic visit		ED visits		Hospitalization		P-value
		Limited HL	Adequate HL	Limited HL	Adequate HL	Limited HL	Adequate HL
LDA	HLCOMB	10.02 (10.4)	8.76 (8.76)	0.46 (1.07)	0.30 (0.75)	0.21 (0.68)	0.13 (0.51)	< 0.001
LDA	HLSUMTri	9.69 (10.0)	8.79 (8.81)	0.42 (1.00)	0.31 (0.75)	0.19 (0.63)	0.14 (0.56)	< 0.001
SVM	HLAVG	10.29 (10.7)	9.01 (9.16)	0.53 (1.20)	0.31 (0.76)	0.25 (0.73)	0.13 (0.54)	< 0.001