Table 2. Summary of patient characteristics at the time of kidney transplantation, according to AVN diagnosis.
| Patients without AVN n = 773 |
New Onset AVN group n = 18 |
pa | Pre-transplant AVN group n = 15 |
pb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (%)/Female (%) | 468 (60.5)/305 (39.5) | 14 (77.8)/4 (22.2) | 0.151 | 11 (73.3)/4 (26.7) | 0.42 |
| Age at transplantation, years [range] | 51.0 [18–83] | 54.5 [24–72] | 0.69 | 52.0 [33–66] | 0.26 |
| Primary kidney disease (%) | 0.64 | 0.33 | |||
| • Glomerulonephritis | 35.7 | 44.4 | 60 | ||
| • Vascular nephropathy | 7.5 | 11.1 | 6.7 | ||
| • Diabetic nephropathy | 9.7 | 0 | 0 | ||
| • Interstitial nephropathy | 34.0 | 33.3 | 26.7 | ||
| • Other or unknown | 13.1 | 11.2 | 6.7 | ||
| Dialysis duration, months [range] | 33 [0–422] | 39 [16–161] | 0.36 | 189 [17–452] | < 0.001 |
| Preemptive KT/PD/HD (%) | 10.2/19.7/70.1 | 0/11.1/88.9 | 0.185 | 20.0/6.7/73.3 | 0.26 |
| Deceased donor (%) | 89.1 | 100 | 0.24 | 100 | 0.39 |
| Transplantation rank ≥ 2 (%) | 22.9 | 16.7 | 0.77 | 80 | < 0.001 |
| Pre-transplant corticotherapy, n = 419 (%) | 227 (58.7) | 10 (55.6) | 0.81 | 14 (93.3) | 0.006 |
| BMI (kg/m2) (IQR1–IQR3) | 24.7 (21.6–28.1) | 27.6 (26.0–32.6) | 0.003 | 22.2 (19.3–25.3) | 0.140 |
| BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (%) | 360 (46.6) | 17 (94.4) | < 0.001 | 6 (42.9) | 0.9 |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (%) | 108 (14.0) | 6 (33.3) | 0.020 | 0 | 0.245 |
| Pre-transplant Diabetes (%) | 191 (24.7) | 8 (44.4) | 0.093 | 5 (33.3) | 0.545 |
| Dyslipidemia, n = 758 (%) | 370 (50.9) | 8 (44.4) | 0.63 | 4 (26.7) | 0.072 |
| Smoker, n = 274 (%) | 147 (60.7) | 9 (50) | 0.45 | 9 (60) | 0.9 |
| HIV seropositivity | 3 | 0 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.9 |
| Pregnancies 0 - ≥ 1, n = 247 | 38–201 | 1–3 | 0.50 | 0–4 | 0.9 |
| Sickle cell disease, n = 382 (%) | 7 (2) | 0 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.9 |
| Hemostasis disorders, n = 669 (%) | 171 (26.8) | 7 (41.1) | 0.28 | 2 (13.3) | 0.37 |
| Serum level of PTH, median (IQR1–IQR3), n = 773 | 202.5 (106.0–382.9) | 337.0 (215.5–472.3) | 0.042 | 199.4 (59.2–388.2) | 0.51 |
| Serum level of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D median (IQR1–IQR3), n = 292 | 18.7 (10.7–31.1) | 25.1 (15.3–29.8) | 0.33 | 18.0 (5.9–39.6) | 0.80 |
| Pre-transplant osteopenia-osteoporosis, n = 707 (%) |
313(46.2)–154(22.8) | 5(31)–5(31) | 0.48 | 6(40)–3(20) | 0.75 |
pa: New Onset AVN group compared to patients without AVN, pb: pre-transplant AVN group compared to patients without AVN.Data are given as percentages or medians [minimum–maximum], or (interquartile IQR1-IQR3), as appropriate. AVN, avascular osteonecrosis; BMI, body mass index; HD, hemodialysis; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; KT, kidney transplantation; n, number of analyzed patients; PD, peritoneal dialysis