Table 1.
Centromeres | Telomeres | Virulence genes | |||||||
Sample | Contact counts | 3D distance | 3D visual | Contact counts | 3D distance | 3D visual | Contact counts | 3D distance | 3D visual |
Pf trophozoites | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
Pf gametocytes | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
Pf sporozoites | − | − | − | + | ++ | + | + | ++ | + |
Pv sporozoites | ++ | + | − | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | + |
Pk trophozoites | ++ | ++ | + | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Pb gametocytes | ++ | ++ | ++ | − | + | + | + | ++ | + |
Py mixed IDC | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | + |
Bm mixed IDC | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | − | + | + |
Bm tetrads | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | − | + | + |
Tg tachyzoites | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | − | − | − |
Tg bradyzoites | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | − | − | − |
++ denotes P < 0.001 for contact counts and P < 0.001 as well as mean and median pairwise distance less than 0.7 of the respective value from a randomized set of loci on 3D models; + denotes P < 0.05 for contact counts. Two different colocalization tests were used, one based on the statistical significance (37, 47) of contact counts between bins in the Hi-C data and the other based on the distance between bins in the 3D models. The “3D visual” column denotes whether the listed functional elements are tightly clustered (++), somewhat clustered (+), or not clustered at all (−) as a result of visual inspection of the 3D models. Bm, B. microti; IDC, intraerythrocytic developmental cycle; Pb, P. berghei; Pf, P. falciparum; Pk, P. knowlesi; Pv, P. vivax; Py, P. yoelii; Tg, T. gondii.