Table 2. Biomarker candidates of glyoxylate-induced crystal kidney injury and their metabolic pathways.
| Number | RT (min) | m/z | Ion | Formula | Identification | Oxalate/Saline | FFJQC/Oxalate | Related pathway | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-value | FDR | Fold change | P value | FDR | Fold change | |||||||
| 1 | 0.68 | 132.029 | [M-H]− | C4H7NO4 | l-Aspartic acid | 0.016 | 0.023 | 1.44 | 0.010 | 0.024 | 0.68 | Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism |
| 2 | 0.70 | 157.036 | [M-H]− | C4H6N4O3 | Allantoin | 0.004 | 0.008 | 1.48 | 0.018 | 0.028 | 0.73 | Purine metabolism |
| 3 | 0.99 | 135.031 | [M-H]− | C5H4N4O | Hypoxanthine | <0.001 | <0.002 | 0.16 | 0.002 | 0.034 | 4.84 | Purine metabolism |
| 137.046 | [M+H]+ | |||||||||||
| 4 | 0.99 | 153.041 | [M+H]+ | C5H4N4O2 | Xanthine | 0.030 | 0.002 | 0.42 | 0.003 | 0.017 | 2.92 | |
| 5 | 0.99 | 169.036 | [M+H]+ | C5H4N4O3 | Uric acid | <0.001 | <0.002 | 3.72 | 0.009 | 0.026 | 0.54 | Purine metabolism |
| 6 | 0.99 | 151.023 | [M+FA-H]− | C3H6O4 | Glyceric acid | <0.001 | <0.002 | 0.27 | 0.034 | 3.02 | Glycerolipid metabolism | |
| 7 | 1.08 | 189.041 | [M-H]− | C7H10O6 | 3-Dehydroquinate | 0.023 | 0.028 | 1.34 | 0.045 | 0.048 | 0.77 | Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis |
| 8 | 1.13 | 267.075 | [M-H]− | C10H12N4O5 | Inosine | <0.001 | <0.002 | 0.03 | 0.008 | 0.027 | 21.04 | Purine metabolism |
| 269.088 | [M+H]+ | |||||||||||
| 9 | 1.14 | 352.053 | [M+FA-H]− | C9H14N3O7P | dCMP | <0.001 | <0.002 | 0.23 | 0.024 | 0.034 | 2.98 | Pyrimidine metabolism |
| 10 | 5.81 | 187.008 | [M-H]− | C7H8O4S | p-Cresol sulphate | 0.048 | 0.048 | 1.89 | 0.017 | 0.029 | 0.42 | Degradation of aromatic compounds |
| 11 | 6.27 | 206.081 | [M+H]+ | C11H11NO3 | Indolelactic acid | 0.004 | 0.008 | 1.58 | 0.007 | 0.03 | 0.66 | Tryptophan metabolism |
| 204.067 | [M-H]− | |||||||||||
| 12 | 6.33 | 247.107 | [M+H]+ | C13H14N2O3 | N-acetyltryptophan | 0.017 | 0.022 | 1.71 | 0.034 | 0.041 | 0.63 | Tryptophan metabolism |
| 245.094 | [M-H]− | |||||||||||
| 13 | 9.19 | 185.117 | [M-H]− | C10H18O3 | 3-Oxodecanoic acid | 0.004 | 0.008 | 2.51 | 0.029 | 0.038 | 0.54 | Pyrimidine metabolism |
| 14 | 10.65 | 353.235 | [M-H]− | C20H34O5 | Prostaglandin F2a | <0.001 | <0.002 | 3.95 | 0.015 | 0.032 | 0.61 | Arachidonic acid metabolism |
| 15 | 11.52 | 302.305 | [M+H]+ | C18H39NO2 | Sphinganine | 0.029 | 0.033 | 1.67 | 0.016 | 0.03 | 0.56 | Sphingolipid metabolism |
| 16 | 13.72 | 864.578 | [M-H]− | C48H84NO10P | PE (MonoMe (9,5)/DiMe (13,5)) | <0.001 | <0.002 | 2.85 | 0.037 | 0.042 | 0.74 | Glycerophospholipid metabolism |
| 17 | 15.66 | 271.229 | [M-H]− | C16H32O3 | 3-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid | <0.001 | <0.002 | 2.49 | 0.048 | 0.048 | 0.87 | Fatty acid metabolism |
Abbreviations: FDR, false discovery rate; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine.