Table 3.

Involvement of podoplanin (PDPN) in autoimmune diseases.

Disease	Cell Types Found to Have Upregulated PDPN Expression	Role in Pathogenicity
Multiple sclerosis	Th17	Promotes (mouse)? Protects (human)?
Rheumatoid arthritis	Th17 Synoviocytes	Promotes Promotes
Systemic sclerosis	Fibroblasts	?
Sjögren syndrome	MEC Lymphocytic infiltrate	? Promotes?
Discoid lupus erythematosus of the lip	Oral mucosa	Promotes progression to SCC

MEC: Myoepithelial cell; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma; ?: unclear or not investigated.