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IL-18 signal transduction. When IL-18 binds to IL-18Rα (black arrow), IL-18Rβ binds to the complex. IL-18 signaling activates the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 via signal transduction molecules including MyD88, IRAKs, and TRAF6 (white arrows). IL-18BP competes IL-18 binding to IL-18Rα. When IL-18Rα binds to IL-37 it prevents binding to IL-18Rβ, which binds to IL-1R8 to send an inhibitory signal via STAT3.
