Table 1.
IL-18 gene promoter polymorphisms (meta-analysis and/or systematic review).
| Disease Association | SNP Polymorphism | Ref | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Promoters | 5’-UTR | ||||||
| −1297 C/T | −656 G/T | −607 C/A | −137 G/C | +113 T/T | |||
| rs360719 | rs1946519 | rs1946518 | rs187238 | rs360718 | |||
| Chronic viral infection | HBV | ND | ND | + | + | ND | [373] |
| HCV | ND | ND | − | + | ND | [374] | |
| Periodontitis | ND | ND | + | + | ND | [375] | |
| ND | ND | − | − | ND | [376] | ||
| Autoimmune diseases | SLE | ND | ND | − | ND | ND | [377] |
| +a | ND | +a | +b | ND | [378] | ||
| ND | ND | +c | − | ND | [379] | ||
| + | ND | +a | − | ND | [380] | ||
| Behcet’s disease | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | [381] | |
| RA | ND | ND | − | ND | ND | [377] | |
| ND | ND | +c | − | ND | [379] | ||
| ND | ND | +b | − | ND | [382] | ||
| T1D | ND | ND | − | ND | ND | [377] | |
| ND | ND | + | − | ND | [383] | ||
| ND | ND | +b | − | ND | [384] | ||
| CD | ND | − | + | + | + | [385] | |
| ND | ND | − | ND | ND | [377] | ||
| UC | ND | ND | − | ND | ND | [377] | |
| Ischemic stroke | ND | ND | + | − | ND | [386] | |
| Cancer | Total cancer | ND | ND | + | − | ND | [387] |
| ND | ND | − | +b | ND | [388] | ||
| ND | ND | +b | ND | ND | [389] | ||
| ND | ND | ND | +b | ND | [390] | ||
| Nasopharyngeal cancer | ND | ND | + | + | ND | [388] | |
| ND | ND | ND | + | ND | [387] | ||
| ND | ND | ND | + | ND | [390] | ||
| ND | ND | + | ND | ND | [389] | ||
| ND | ND | + | ND | ND | [391] | ||
| Esophageal cancer | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | [389] | |
| Gastric cancer | ND | ND | + | ND | ND | [388] | |
| Head and neck cancer | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | [392] | |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | ND | ND | − | − | ND | [393] | |
| Recurrent pregnancy loss | ND | ND | + | + | ND | [394] | |
| ND | ND | − | + | ND | [395] | ||
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | ND | ND | − | − | ND | [396] | |
+; significant association between the variant and disease. −; no significant association between the variant and disease. +a; association in European/Caucasian populations, but not in Asian populations. +b; association in Asian populations, but not in European/Caucasian populations. +c; association in Chinese populations, but not in Asian populations. ND; not determined. Abbreviations: HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; T1D, type 1 diabetes mellitus; CD, Crohn’s disease; UC, ulcerative colitis.